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We always welcome your questions! Please call our office at 479-521-3363 during office hours for answers to your allergy-related questions. Here are answers to some of the questions we are frequently asked:
What is an allergy?An allergic reaction is an abnormal sensitivity to a substance that doesn't bother most people. Our body has a normal defense system that helps us fight off harmful invaders such as bacteria and viruses. People that are allergic have an immune system that works over time. Their immune system also responds to many common things that don't bother people who aren't allergic, however --such as house dust mites, mold, pollen, pet dander, stinging insects venom, and some foods and drugs. Common symptoms are sneezing, wheezing, coughing, stuffy nose, itching and watering of the eyes, pressure of the sinuses, headaches, fatigue, hives, and other skin rashes. Back to TopHow do you treat allergies?The first step in the treatment of allergies is to eliminate as many of the things you're allergic to from your environment as possible. Sometimes, this may mean not eating a certain food, getting rid of your feather pillows, or moving the family pet outdoors. You may also need to reduce the amount of dust in your house -- by frequent vacuuming, covering mattresses and pillows and using special filters on your heating and cooling system. If the substances cannot be avoided, your doctor will try symptomatic treatment, such as antihistamines, decongestants, steroid nasal sprays, inhalers (if you have asthma), and possibly steroids by mouth or injection. You may need an antibiotic if you have an infection. If you are still having allergy symptoms, you may need to see an allergist for evaluation and possible allergy testing. Back to TopWhat happens when I'm tested for allergies?We use two methods for testing for allergies -- skin tests and sometimes a blood (Immunocap/RAST) test. Skin tests are more sensitive and are adequate for identifying most allergies. The tests are given on the back and the upper arm by placing small amounts of potential allergens in the skin with a prick instrument or injecting a small amount of the antigen into the skin using a tiny needle. To learn more about what happens on your first visit to our clinic and when you are tested for allergies, click here. Immunocap tests involve taking a small quantity of blood and testing it. This test is used in patients that have an erratic or unreliable response to skin testing or who have hives or any other skin rash that prohibits getting accurate test results with skin tests. Immunocap tests are also used for safety's sake, especially in patients with severe asthma or a history of severe reaction to stinging insects. Immunocap tests are not as sensitive as skin tests and may miss some allergies.
Back to TopWhen do I need allergy shots?When environmental control and symptomatic treatment don't work, you should try allergy shots. Allergy shots help build up an immunity to allergens. If your allergies recur regularly and over-the-counter or prescription medications do not provide relief, you may benefit from immunotherapy or allergy shots. Most patients get allergy shots once a week. Some patients are able to take shots once every two to three weeks or only when seasonal allergens are causing problems. We recommend that your shots always be given in the doctor's office. If you live out of town, this can be done in your family doctor's office. Back to TopHow do allergy shots work?IgE antibodies on mast cells in the tissues and the blood stream link with antigen and causes the release of histamine and other chemical mediators. This causes the allergic reaction. Allergy shots (immunotherapy) can stimulate your immune system to build up a blocking IgG (immunoglobulin G) antibody which prevents the release of histamine. This prevents the allergic reaction. It takes time to develop this blocking antibody. Between six weeks and six months after starting immunotherapy, many patients may be significantly improved. You should continue taking the shots for at least three years to help maintain long-term results. Unfortunately, most patients eventually will have a recurrence of allergy symptoms. This happens because their body's immune system is genetically programmed to produce IgE antibodies. If this happens, additional immunotherapy may provide relief. Back to TopDo allergy shots hurt?If needles give you nightmares, relax. The needles used to give allergy shots are very tiny and cause minimal discomfort. Yes, many people do complain that they hurt. But most people find that the relief provided outweighs the discomfort from the shot. Even children usually handle allergy shots well, after getting over their initial fear of the shots. Back to TopWill I have to get allergy shots for the rest of my life?After five years of treatment, many patients may have developed a lasting immunity and are able to discontinue immunotherapy injections. The duration of the immunity is highly variable -- it can vary from six months to six years, and some enjoy immunity from allergies indefinitely. When allergy symptoms recur, an additional regimen of immunotherapy may provide relief. Back to TopAre allergy shots safe?Yes. In fact, allergy shots can be given to children and to nursing women. You are asked to remain in the office for 20 minutes after the injection. Reactions to shots are rare. If you are pregnant, we will maintain your current dose level of immunotherapy until after delivery. Be sure to tell your allergist all medications you are taking -- and any changes after you start receiving shots -- including eye drops, vitamins, supplements and herbal remedies. It is very important to mention any heart or blood pressure medication that you are taking. Severe reactions to allergy shots are extremely rare. If this is a concern to you, discuss it with your doctor and/or allergist. For more information, refer to the Immunotherapy Fact Sheet from the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Back to TopHow early can children develop allergies?Unfortunately, some children seem to be born with allergies. Other allergies are developed at a later age or even as an adult. While no one is completely sure of the causes of allergies, they seem to include genetics and over exposure to some substances. Children who have allergy symptoms -- including recurring ear infections, recurring upper respiratory infections, asthma, or reactions to milk -- should be seen by an allergist as soon as you think that they may have allergies. Recent studies have shown that children who receive early allergy treatment are much less likely to develop asthma and other allergy-related health problems. Back to TopHow can I find out if I'm allergic to foods?Reactions to food can include stuffiness, irritability, gas, indigestion, headaches, diarrhea, constipation, fatigue and rash. If you think you have food allergies, make a list of the suspected foods and symptoms. Sometimes, this may be as simple as keeping a brief journal of the foods you eat and how you feel afterwards. Because many common food allergens (such as wheat or corn) are ingredients in many different dishes, it may be necessary to vary your normal diet or even use a 'rotation-elimination diet' as part of this process. Your allergist will be able to use this information to determine if you need to have food testing, and which ones. We do not give injections for food allergies. They are treated with either an elimination or a rotation diet. Many people who find that they are allergic to a food discover they can continue to eat that food in moderation or eat small amounts infrequently. For example, some people feel better by changing from six cups of coffee a day to one or eating a small serving of chocolate once a week instead of chocolate every day. Back to TopHow does asthma relate to allergies?Asthma can be a hereditary disease. It can be triggered by many things, including allergies. 90% of children with asthma have allergies, and many of them seem to do better if their allergies are treated with immunotherapy (allergy shots). Most children with asthma may need to be seen by an allergist. Many adults with asthma also have allergies, and some benefit from immunotherapy. Click here to learn more about asthma and allergies. Back to TopWhat can I do about Poison Ivy?If you have more than a mild case of poison ivy, you should see your family doctor. If you are likely to be exposed to poison ivy, there are preparations available from your pharmacist which can be applied to the skin before exposure. For people with recurring severe bouts of poison ivy, a special kind of immunotherapy can be used as part of long-term prevention. This may be available at your family doctor, or you may need to see an allergist. Back to TopCan I take allergy shots when I'm pregnant?If you are on a maintenance dose of immunotherapy (allergy shots) and doing well, you may continue on your shots during pregnancy. We do not recommend undergoing testing or increasing your dose during pregnancy. You may use symptomatic allergy therapy as recommended by your obstetrician. If you have asthma, you should continue to take your asthma medication during pregnancy. Back to TopWhat can I do to keep my baby from being allergic?Asthma and some allergies are triggered by genetics. Others are developed from exposure to things in the environment. If you and/or your husband have allergies, your child may be prone to be allergic. To help avoid the development of allergies, it is often helpful to breastfeed the baby as long as possible. Avoid smoking in the house or car with your child. No pets in the house. (This is controversial at this time) All stuffed toys should be washable and easily dried. Refer to our page about Taming Your Allergies for other suggestions. Back to TopCan I keep my pet?Most allergists would recommend no pets with fur or feathers in the home of an allergic person. This includes all dogs, cats, and other animals with fur or feathers. -- even the "short-haired" or "hairless" varieties. There is extract of dog and cat dander available for testing and treatment; however, it is not nearly as effective as treatment of other inhalant allergies and has a greater incidence of reactions during immunotherapy. We occasionally give hyposensitization injections for cat or dog dander depending on the circumstance. For those who are highly allergic, we recommend either no pets or keeping the pets outside. Some people are so sensitive that they cannot tolerate even being around someone who has been around an animal. Back to Top
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This information provided by the Allergy Care Center for informational purposes only -- see your physician for medical advice. All rights reserved.